Participar o no participar: Willingness To Communicate (WTC) en la enseñanza de español a distancia para sinohablantes

Carmen Chacón García; Wei Chen

doi:10.4995/rlyla.2024.19668

Authors

Carmen Chacón García Universidad Complutense de Madrid https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7434-8614
Wei Chen Universidad Complutense de Madrid

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4995/rlyla.2024.19668

Keywords:

WTC, Willingness to communicate, Online teaching, Spanish L2, Sino-speakers

Abstract

This paper presents new data on the implementation and design of the Willingness to Communicate (WTC) theoretical model in the teaching of Spanish as a second language. First, the concept of WTC is defined and a brief state of the art is presented, considering several studies on the variables that affect communication. Based on an exploratory questionnaire and interviews conducted with Spanish teachers in China, the objective is to identify the factors affecting the WTC of Sino-speaking university students in online Spanish classes. The data analyzed allow us to design our own model on WTC in Spanish that has didactic and curricular implications for online courses.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Al-Murtadha, M. (2021). The relationships among self-reported and observed first language and second language willingness to communicate and academic achievement. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 34(1), 80-94. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908318.2020.1727495

Arnold, J. (2000). La dimensión afectiva en el aprendizaje de idiomas. Cambridge University Press.

Baker, S. C., & MacIntyre, P. D. (2000). The Role of Gender and Immersion in Communication and Second Language Orientations. Language Learning, 50(2), 311-341. https://doi.org/10.1111/0023-8333.00119

Bensalem, E. (2022). The impact of enjoyment and anxiety on English-language learners' willingness to communicate. Vivat Academia, (155), 6. Recuperado de https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=8119304

Bernales, C. (2016). Towards a comprehensive concept of Willingness to Communicate: Learners' predicted and self-reported participation in the foreign language classroom. System, 56, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2015.11.002

Burgoon, J.K. (1976). The unwillingness-to-communicate scale: Development and validation. Communication Monographs, 43, 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637757609375916

Camargo Fernández, L., & Méndez Guerrero, B. (2014). La pragmática del silencio en la conversación en español: Propuesta taxonómica a partir de conversaciones coloquiales. Sintagma: Revista De Lingüística, (26), 103-118. Recuperado de https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/articulo?codigo=4945923

Cao, Y., & Philp, J. (2006). Interactional context and willingness to communicate: A comparison of behavior in whole class, group and dyadic interaction. System, 34(4), 480-493. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2006.05.002

Chichon, J. (2019). Factors influencing overseas learners' Willingness to Communicate (WTC) on a pre-sessional programme at a UK university. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 39, 87-96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeap.2019.04.002

Chotipaktanasook, N., & Reinders, H. (2016). Willingness to communicate in social media: An investigation of the long-term effects. Asian EFL Journal, 18(4), 6-25.

Clément, R., Baker, S.C. y MacIntyre, P.D. (2003). Willingness to communicate in a second language: The effects of context norms, and vitality. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 22/2, 190-209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X03022002003

Cordeiro, D. M. (2018). Las inteligencias múltiples como herramienta para mejorar las destrezas orales en el aula de español como lengua extranjera: una investigación acción. (Tesis doctoral). Universitat de València. Recuperado de https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/tesis?codigo=177418

Dewaele, J., & Pavelescu, L. M. (2021). The relationship between incommensurable emotions and willingness to communicate in English as a foreign language: a multiple case study. Innovation in Language Learning and Teaching, 15(1), 66-80. https://doi.org/10.1080/17501229.2019.1675667

Falero Parra, FJ. (2016). La ansiedad ante las destrezas orales en la clase de español lengua extranjera: una propuesta blended-learning con sinohablantes. Revista de Lingüística y Lenguas Aplicadas, 11, 19-33. https://doi.org/10.4995/rlyla.2016.4445

Fernández-Barrionuevo, E., Villoria Prieto, J., González Fernández, F.T. y Baena-Extremera, A. (2020). Willingness to communicate in a foreign language in the four skills. Sex and age differences. Espiral. Cuadernos del profesorado, 14(27), 192-203. https://doi.org/10.25115/ecp.v13i27.3359

Gardner, R.C., Lalonde, R.N., & Moorcroft, R.P. (1985). "The Role of Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning: Correlational and Experimental Considerations", Language Learning, 35, 207-227. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1985.tb01025.x

Hiver, P., Al-Hoorie, A. & Mercer, S. (2021). Student Engagement in the Language Classroom. Bristol, Blue Ridge Summit: Multilingual Matters. https://doi.org/10.21832/9781788923613

Jaramillo, N. (2021). Leveraging asynchronous speaking tasks to promote willingness and confidence to speak in Spanish: A qualitative study. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 38(2), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.14742/ajet.6657

Kang, S. (2005). Dynamic emergence of situational willingness to communicate in a second language. System, 33(2), 277-292. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.system.2004.10.004

Lahuerta Martínez, A. C. (2014). Factors affecting willingness to communicate in a Spanish university context. IJES, International Journal of English Studies, 14(2), 39-55. https://doi.org/10.6018/j.193611

Le, T. V., Cunningham, U., & Watson, K. (2018). The Relationship between Willingness to Communicate and Social Presence in an Online English Language Course. JALT CALL Journal, 14(1), 43-59. https://doi.org/10.29140/jaltcall.v14n1.223

Lockley, T. (2013). Exploring self-perceived communication competence in foreign language learning. Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching, 3(2), 187-212. https://doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2013.3.2.3

Macintyre, P. D. (2007). Willingness to Communicate in the Second Language: Understanding the Decision to Speak as a Volitional Process. The Modern Language Journal, 91(4), 564-576. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.2007.00623.x

MacIntyre, P. D., & Charos, C. (1996). Personality, Attitudes, and Affect as Predictors of Second Language Communication. Journal of Language and Social Psychology, 15(1), 3-26. https://doi.org/10.1177/0261927X960151001

MacIntyre, P.D. y Clément, R. (1996). A model of willingness to communicate in a second language: The concept, its antecedents, and implications. Paper presented at the 11th World Congress of Applied Linguistics, Jyväskylä, Finland.

MacIntyre, P.D., Clément, R., Dörnyei, Z. y Noels, K.A. (1998). Conceptualizing willingness to communicate in a L2: A situational model of L2 confidence and affiliation. The Modern Language Journal, 82, 545-562. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4781.1998.tb05543.x

MacIntyre, P. D., & Legatto, J. J. (2011). A Dynamic System Approach to Willingness to Communicate: Developing an Idiodynamic Method to Capture Rapidly Changing Affect. Applied Linguistics, 32(2), 149-171. https://doi.org/10.1093/applin/amq037

Makiabadi, H., Pishghadam, R., Meidani, E. N., & Khajavy, G. H. (2019). Examinar el papel de la «emotioncy» en la voluntad de comunicarse: un enfoque de modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. Revista De Psicodidáctica, 24(2), 120-130. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psicod.2019.03.002

McCroskey, J.C. y Baer, J.E. (1985). Willingness to Communicate: The Construct and Its Measurement. Paper Presented at the Annual Convention of the Speech Communication Association. Recuperado de https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED265604.pdf

Muñoz, M. (2010). Ansiedad en las actividades de aula: percepciones de los estudiantes chinos de español, SinoEle. Revista de Enseñanza de ELE a Hablantes de Chino, 2, 1-13. Disponible en http://www.sinoele.org/ images/Revista/2/munoz_2.pdf

Peng, J. (2015). L2 Motivational Self System, Attitudes, and Affect as Predictors of L2 WTC. Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, (24)2, 433-443. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40299-014-0195-0

Peng, J., & Woodrow, L. (2010). Willingness to Communicate in English: A Model in the Chinese EFL Classroom Context. Language Learning, 60(4), 834-876. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9922.2010.00576.x

Rosén, L. (2018). La voluntad de comunicarse en la lengua meta en el aula de español como lengua extranjera : Un estudio cuantitativo basado en una encuesta con alumnos de un instituto sueco. (Tesis doctoral). Stockholm University. Recuperado de http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157256

Said, M. M., Rita, F., Sri Arfani, H. M., Basri, H., & Weda, S. (2021). EFL Students' Willingness to Communicate in Online Learning at Higher Educationin Indonesia. Multicultural Education, 7(5). Recuperado de http://ijdri.com/me/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/40.pdf

Sánchez Griñán, A. (2009). Reconciliación metodológica e intercultural: posibilidades de la enseñanza comunicativa de lenguas en China. MarcoEle, Revista de Didáctica de ELE, 8, 1-38. Disponible en http://marcoele.com/reconciliacion-metodologica-e-intercultural-posibilidades-de-la-ensenanza-comunicativa-de-lenguas-enchina

Ushioda, E. (2001) . "Language learning at university: Exploring the role of motivational thinking", in Z. Dörnyei & R. Schmidt (eds.) Motivation and second language acquisition. Honolulu, HI: University of Hawaii, Second Language Teaching and Curriculum Center, 93-125.

Wen, W. P., & Clément, R. (2003). A Chinese Conceptualisation of Willingness to Communicate in ESL. Language, Culture and Curriculum, 16(1), 18-38. https://doi.org/10.1080/07908310308666654

Xie, D., & Guo, Y. Willingness to Communicate of Chinese College Students: A Structural Equation Model Perspective. Foreign Language and Literature, 27(5). Recuperado de https://acortar.link/UdZND1

Yanguas, I., & Flores, A. (2014). Learners' willingness to communicate in face-to-face versus oral computer-mediated communication. The JALT CALL Journal, 10(2), 83-103. https://doi.org/10.29140/jaltcall.v10n2.169

Yashima, T. (2002). Willingness to Communicate in a Second Language: The Japanese EFL Context. The Modern Language Journal, 86(1), 54-66. https://doi.org/10.1111/1540-4781.00136

Yu, W., & Lin, M. (2004). "Shui gang gao xiao xue sheng ying yu jiao liu yi yuan dui bi yan jiu" [Willingness to communicate: A comparative study of Guangdong and Hongkong Chinese learners of English in higher education], Foreign Language Teaching and Research, 36, 219-223.|55 RLyLA Vol. 19 (2024), 44-55.