HBIM approach to implement the historical and constructive knowledge. The case of the Real Colegiata of San Isidoro (León, Spain)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2021.13661Keywords:
historical architecture, archaeology of architecture, historic building information modelling (HBIM), 3D reconstruction, level of knowledge (LOK), visual programming language (VPL)Abstract
The development of Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) focuses (among other uses) on the adaptation of the BIM methodology to the historical building’s features, as well as on increasing geometric accuracy and on model data enrichment. Regarding the first issue, it can be underlined, on the one hand, that historical buildings are the result of a sequence of transformations that take place throughout their whole history; they cannot be considered as unitary objects that have been created in a single moment. Therefore, they have a temporal sequence which can be understood as the essence of their evolving nature. On the other hand, historical architecture has different construction materials and techniques, with other kinds of features and pathological processes that are quite different from those of contemporary buildings. In this line, this study proposes a new workflow that allows outlining new criteria that include both the temporal sequence and the constructive features of historical buildings. For this purpose, the case study of the Real Colegiata of San Isidoro in León (Spain) has been considered. In order to create the model, several modelling strategies have been used to compare both the results and the time spent in this task. Then, the model has been divided into several parts, both in terms of constructive criteria and temporal stratification, and thus, the database and the implemented information have been organized following such essential aspects of the historical building. Finally, to provide an advanced and more efficient use of the information, customized queries have been created using Dynamo, allowing searching with combined criteria and the isolation and visualization of the resulting elements. This could be helpful for both research and conservation and management activities.
Highlights:
A comparison of modelling strategies applied to historical buildings taking into consideration their singularities and estimation of required times and benefits.
The division and taxonomy of the model to incorporate both the temporal sequence and the constructive aspects, allowing enrichment of the HBIM model with customized parameters.
The development of queries generated in Dynamo to allow customized and combined searches of data, optimizing the use of the database.
Downloads
References
Achille, C., Fassi, F., Mandelli, A., Perfetti, L., Rechichi, F., & Teruggi, S. (2020). From a Traditional to a Digital Site: 2008–2019. The History of Milan Cathedral Survey. In B. Daniotti, M. Gianinetto, & S. Della Torre (Eds.), Digital Transformation of the Design, Construction and Management Processes of the Built Environment (pp. 331-341). Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33570-0_30
Adami, A., Fassi, F., Fregonese, L., & Piana, M. (2018). Image-based techniques for the survey of mosaics in the St Mark’s Basilica in Venice. Virtual Archaeology Review, 9(19), 1-20, https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2018.9087
Aparicio Resco, P., & Figueiredo, C. (2017). El grado de evidencia histórico-arqueológica de las reconstrucciones virtuales: Hacia una escala de representación gráfica - The level of historical-archaeological evidence of virtual reconstructions: Towards a scale of graphical representation. Otras Arqueologías, 1. https://doi.org/10.23914/otarq.v0i1.96
Apollonio, F. I., Gaiani, M., & Sun, Z. (2016). A Reality Integrated BIM for Architectural Heritage Conservation. Handbook of Research on Emerging Technologies for Architectural and Archaeological Heritage (pp. 31-65). IGI Global, Hershey. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0675-1.ch002
Banfi, F. (2017). BIM orientation: Grades of generation and information for different type of analysis and management process. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W5, 57–64. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W5-57-2017
Banfi, F., Brumana, R., & Stanga, C. (2019). Extended reality and informative models for the architectural heritage: from scan-to-BIM process to virtual and augmented reality. Virtual Archaeology Review, 10(21), 14-30. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2019.11923
Biagini, C., Capone, P., Donato, V., & Facchini, N. (2016). Towards the BIM implementation for historical building restoration sites. Automation in Construction, 71, 74–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.AUTCON.2016.03.003
Bruno, N., & Roncella, R. (2019). HBIM for conservation: A new proposal for information modeling. Remote Sensing, 11(15). https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11151751
Brusaporci, S., Ruggeri, G., Maiezza, P., & Tata, A. (2018). AHBIM per l’analisi stratigrafica dell’architettura storica. Restauro Archeologico, 26(1), 112-131. https://doi.org/10.13128/RA-23463
Caballero, L. (2010). Experiencia metodológica en Arqueología de la Arquitectura de un grupo de investigación. Instituto de Historia. CSIC. Madrid. In C. Martín Morales & E. De Vega (Eds.), Arqueología aplicada al estudio e intervención de edificios históricos. Últimas tendencias metodológicas, (pp. 103–120). Madrid: Ministerio de Cultura.
Castellano-Román, M., & Pinto-Puerto, F. (2019). Dimensions and Levels of Knowledge in Heritage Building Information Modelling, HBIM: The model of the Charterhouse of Jerez (Cádiz, Spain). Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage, 14, e00110. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.daach.2019.e00110
Felicetti, A., Murano, F., Ronzino, P., & Niccolucci, F. (2015). CIDOC CRM and epigraphy: A hermeneutic challenge. CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 1656, (pp. 55–68). CEUR-WS.
Gargaro, S., Giudice, M. Del, & Ruffino, P. A. (2019). Towards a multi-functional HBIM model. SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, 8(2), 49–58. https://doi.org/10.2423/I22394303V8N2P49
Iso Committee. (2019). UNI EN ISO 19650-1:2019 Organization and digitization of information about buildings and civil engineering works, including building information modelling (BIM) — Information management using building information modelling.
Lerma, J. L., Navarro, S., Cabrelles, M., & Villaverde, V. (2010). Terrestrial laser scanning and close range photogrammetry for 3D archaeological documentation: the Upper Palaeolithic Cave of Parpalló as a case study. Journal of Archaeological Science, 37(3), 499–507. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jas.2009.10.011
Lo Turco, M., Calvano, M., & Giovannini, E. C. (2019). DATA MODELING for MUSEUM COLLECTIONS. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 42(2/W9), 433–440. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-433-2019
López, F. J., Lerones, P. M., Llamas, J., Gómez-García-Bermejo, J., & Zalama, E. (2018). A review of heritage building information modeling (H-BIM). Multimodal Technologies and Interaction, 2(2), 21. https://doi.org/10.3390/mti2020021
Macher, H., Landes, T., & Grussenmeyer, P. (2017). From point clouds to building information models: 3D semi-automatic reconstruction of indoors of existing buildings. Applied Sciences, 7(10), 1030. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7101030
Maietti, F., Di Giulio, R., Medici, M., Ferrari, F., Piaia, E., & Brunoro, S. (2019). Accessing and Understanding Heritage Buildings through ICT. The INCEPTION Methodology Applied to the Istituto degli Innocenti. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2019.1683780
Malinverni, E. S., Pierdicca, R., Paolanti, M., Martini, M., Morbidoni, C., Matrone, F., & Lingua, A. (2019). Deep learning for semantic segmentation of 3D point cloud. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W15, 735–742. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-735-2019
Marchetti, A., Redi, F., Savini, F., Trizio, I., & Giannangeli, A. (2017). La chiesa di San Cipriano a Castelvecchio Calvisio (AQ) nella Baronia di Carapelle: documentazione speditiva e analisi stratigrafica 3D del manufatto. Archeologia Dell’Architettura», XXII, 2017, 239–253.
Martín-Talaverano, R., Murillo-Fragero, J. I., & Utrero-Agudo, M. (2021). Reflexiones y criterios relativos a la creación de modelos BIM de edificios históricos. Arqueología de la Arquitectura, 18.
Murphy, M., McGovern, E., & Pavia, S. (2009). Historic building information modelling (HBIM). Structural Survey, 27(4), 311–327. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-8379-2.ch007
Nespeca, R. (2018). Towards a 3D digital model for management and fruition of Ducal Palace at Urbino. An integrated survey with mobile mapping. SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, 8(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.2423/I22394303V8N2P1
Paris, L., & Wahbeh, W. (2016). Survey and representation of the parametric geometries in HBIM Rilievo e rappresentazione delle geometrie parametriche per l ’HBIM. DISEGNARECON, 9(16).
Quattrini, R., Malinverni, E. S., Clini, P., Nespeca, R., & Orlietti, E. (2015). From TLS to HBIM. High quality semantically-aware 3D modeling of complex architecture. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XL-5/W4, 367–374. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-5-W4-367-2015
Quattrini, R., Pierdicca, R., & Morbidoni, C. (2017). Knowledge-based data enrichment for HBIM: Exploring high-quality models using the semantic-web. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 28, 129-139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2017.05.004
Quattrini, R., Pierdicca, R., Morbidoni, C., & Malinverni, E. S. (2017). Conservation-oriented HBIM. The bimexplorer web tool. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 42(5W1). https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-Archives-XLII-5-W1-275-2017
Santagati, C., & Lo Turco, M. (2016). From structure from motion to historical building information modeling: populating a semantic-aware library of architectural elements. Journal of Electronic Imaging, 26(1), 011007. https://doi.org/10.1117/1.JEI.26.1.011007
Simeone, D., Cursi, S., & Acierno, M. (2019). BIM semantic-enrichment for built heritage representation. Automation in Construction, 97, 122–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2018.11.004
Simeone, D., Cursi, S., Toldo, I., & Carrara, G. (2014). B ( H ) IM - Built Heritage Information Modelling. Extending BIM approach to historical and archaeological heritage representation. ECAADe, 1, (pp.613–622).
Tomalini, A., & Lo Turco, M. (2019). Parametric heritage. The digital reconstruction of P.L. Nervi’s Palazzo del Lavoro in the 3Dmodelling age. International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 42(2/W15), 1149–1155. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-1149-2019
Uni Committee. (2017). UNI 11337-5:2017 Titolo : Edilizia e opere di ingegneria civile – Gestione digitale dei processi informativi delle costruzioni – Parte 5: Flussi informativi nei processi digitalizzati (pp. 1–24).
Utrero-Agudo, M. A., & Murillo-Fragero, J. I. (2017). Arqueología de la Basílilca de San Isidoro de León. In M. A. Utrero Agudo, E. Álvarez Areces, J. M. Baltuille Martín, & J. I. Murillo Fragero (Eds.), La Real Colegiata de San Isidoro de León. Diez siglos de construcción y reconstrucción en piedra (pp. 25–166). Madrid: Instituto Geológico y Minero de España.
Utrero-Agudo, M. A., Murillo-Fragero, J. I., & Martín-Talaverano, R. (2016). Virtual models for archaeological research and 2.0 dissemination: The early medieval church of San Cebrián de Mazote (Spain). SCIRES-IT - SCIentific RESearch and Information Technology, 6(2), 93–108. https://doi.org/10.2423/I22394303V6N2P93
Utrero-Agudo, M., & Murillo-Fragero, J. I. (2014). San Isidoro de León. Construcción y reconstrucción de una basílica románica. Arqueologia de La Arquitectura, 11. https://doi.org/10.3989/arq.arqt.2014.011
Volk, R., Stengel, J., & Schultmann, F. (2014). Building Information Modeling (BIM) for existing buildings—Literature review and future needs. Automation in Construction, 38, 109–127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.autcon.2013.10.023
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
This journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.